Skin infections are caused by microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, which enter the body through breaks in the skin or by overgrowth of fungi that are already present. Factors that increase risk include cuts, wounds, damaged skin, weakened immune systems, poor circulation, and moist skin folds.
Causes based on type of pathogen
- Bacteria: The most common bacteria that cause skin infections are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus. They can enter through cuts, scrapes, burns, bites, or pre-existing skin conditions.
- Viruses: Common viral skin infections include those caused by herpes simplex virus, papillomavirus (warts), and the varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox and shingles).
- Fungi: Fungi can come from the environment (soil, water), from another person or animal, or from the body's own yeast overgrowing. Dermatophytes (which feed on keratin in skin, hair, and nails) and Candida are common examples.
- Parasites: Parasites can also cause skin infections, though they are less common than other types.
